GUARD Act of 2026

John R. Moolenaar

Republican · MI · Representative

Source: Congress.gov · FEC

• Jay Obernolte (R-CA-23)Original· 2026-06-03
• Jennifer L. McClellan (D-VA-4)Original· 2026-06-03
• Robert E. Latta (R-OH-5)· 2026-06-23
• Gus M. Bilirakis (R-FL-12)· 2026-06-30
• Andrea Salinas (D-OR-6)· 2026-07-09
• Tim Walberg (R-MI-5)· 2026-08-03
• Debbie Dingell (D-MI-6)· 2026-09-08

Forwarded by Subcommittee to Full Committee by Voice Vote.

2026-09-01

Source: Congress.gov

Guarding the U.S. against Adversarial Robotics Dominance Act of 2026 or the GUARD Act of 2026 This bill requires robotics communications equipment and services associated with certain countries of concern to be reviewed for potential risk to U.S. national security. Equipment or services found to pose an unacceptable risk must be added to the Federal Communications Commission’s Covered List. Under current law, equipment and services on this list are subject to various restrictions, including a general prohibition on the import or sale of listed equipment in the United States. Under the bill, covered robotics communications equipment or services means any humanoid or quadruped robot, or related software, that is (1) communications software or equipment, and (2) produced or provided by an entity located in or subject to the influence or control of China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia, or Syria (or an affiliate of such an entity). Specifically, within one year of enactment, one of several specified national security agencies must review all covered robotics communications equipment or services and determine if they pose an unacceptable risk to U.S. national security or the safety of U.S. persons. Equipment or services determined to pose an unacceptable risk must be added to the Covered List within 30 days. Any determination that equipment or services do not pose an unacceptable risk must be reviewed by other national security agencies. If an agency does not make a required determination within one year, all covered equipment and services must be added to the list.

Plain-English rewrite of the Congressional Research Service summary published on Congress.gov. Cached and reviewed.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [H.R. 9129 Introduced in House (IH)] <DOC> 119th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 9129 To provide for certain humanoid and quadruped robotics communications equipment or services to be placed on the covered list of the Federal Communications Commission, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES June 3, 2026 Mr. Moolenaar (for himself, Mr. Obernolte, and Ms. McClellan) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To provide for certain humanoid and quadruped robotics communications equipment or services to be placed on the covered list of the Federal Communications Commission, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Guarding the U.S. against Adversarial Robotics Dominance Act of 2026'' or the ``GUARD Act of 2026''. SEC. 2. ANALYSIS OF CERTAIN HUMANOID OR QUADRUPED ROBOTICS COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT OR SERVICES. (a) Evaluation of Covered Robotics Communications Equipment or Services.-- (1) Placement on covered list.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, an appropriate national security agency shall determine if covered robotics communications equipment or services pose an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States or the security and safety of United states persons. (2) Exception.--Paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to any covered robotics communications equipment or service that an appropriate national security agency determines, not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, does not pose an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States or the security and safety of United States persons. (3) Addition to covered list.--If the appropriate national security agency does not make a determination as required by paragraph (1) within 1 year after the enactment of this Act, the Commission shall add all covered robotics communications equipment or services to the covered list. (b) Effect of Other Determinations.-- (1) Determined to pose unacceptable risk.--Not later than 30 days after an appropriate national security agency determines that any covered robotics communications equipment or service poses an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States or the security and safety of United States persons-- (A) the Commission shall place such covered robotics communications equipment or service on the covered list; and (B) the appropriate national security agency shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the determination of such agency, which shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex. (2) Determined not to pose unacceptable risk.--If an appropriate national security agency determines that any covered robotics communications equipment or service does not pose an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States or the security and safety of United States persons-- (A) not later than 30 days after the determination, such agency shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees and all other appropriate national security agencies a report on the determination, which shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex; and (B) not later than 180 days after the determination, all other appropriate national security agencies shall review the determination and shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the respective determinations of such agencies, which shall be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex. (c) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means-- (A) the…

Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Homeland Security, the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives. (2) Appropriate national security agency.--The term ``appropriate national security agency'' has the meaning given such term in section 9 of the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019 (47 U.S.C. 1608). (3) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the Federal Communications Commission. (4) Communications equipment or services.--The term ``communications equipment or services'' has the meaning given such term in section 9 of the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019 (47 U.S.C. 1608). (5) Country of concern.--The term ``country of concern'' has the meaning given such term in section 1(m)(1) of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a(m)(1)). (6) Covered foreign entity.--The term ``covered foreign entity'' means-- (A) an entity that-- (i) is headquartered in, has its principal place of business in, or is organized under the laws of a country of concern; or (ii) is subject to the influence, direction, or control of the government of a country of concern; (B) an affiliate or wholly or partially owned subsidiary of an entity described in subparagraph (A); (C) an entity in a joint venture with an entity described in subparagraph (A); and (D) an entity with which an entity described in subparagraph (A) has a technology sharing or licensing agreement. (7) Covered list.--The term ``covered list'' means the list of covered communications equipment or services published by the Commission under section 2(a) of the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019 (47 U.S.C. 1601(a)). (8) Covered robotics communications equipment or service.-- The term ``covered robotics communications equipment or service'' means any humanoid or quadruped robot, or software designed to control such robot that is a communications equipment or services produced or provided by a covered foreign entity. (9) Humanoid or quadruped robot.--The term ``humanoid or quadruped robot'' means-- (A) a mechanical device that-- (i) possesses a body structure that uses 2 or 4 articulated limbs for locomotion, navigation, or movement on the ground; and (ii) operates at a distance from a human operator or supervisor autonomously, semi- autonomously, based on commands or response to sensor data or any combination thereof; and (B) any external device designed to control a mechanical device described in subparagraph (A). (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be construed to apply to any country that is not a country of concern, including a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) ally and a Major Non-NATO Ally. <all>

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