HouseH.R. 9478119th Congress

Methane Removal Research and Innovation Act of 2026

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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 9478 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 9478

 To require the Secretary of Energy to establish a research initiative 
to develop technologies to remove methane from the atmosphere, and for 
                            other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             June 25, 2026

Mr. Mullin (for himself, Mrs. Miller of West Virginia, and Ms. Salinas) 
 introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
                     Science, Space, and Technology

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
 To require the Secretary of Energy to establish a research initiative 
to develop technologies to remove methane from the atmosphere, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Methane Removal Research and 
Innovation Act of 2026''.

SEC. 2. METHANE REMOVAL RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
        Senate.
            (2) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (3) Methane removal approach.--The term ``methane removal 
        approach'' means enhancing sinks by breaking down methane in, 
        or removing methane from, the ambient atmosphere through a 
        physical, chemical, or biological method, or combination 
        thereof.
            (4) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
    (b) Methane Removal.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than one year after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
                establish a research initiative, to be known as the 
                ``Methane Removal Research Initiative'' (in this 
                section referred to as the ``Initiative''), to expand 
                the scientific understanding of chemistry, geosciences, 
                biosciences, atmospheric sciences, earth and 
                environmental systems sciences, engineering, materials, 
                social sciences, and ethics useful for the practical 
                development of methane removal approaches.
                    (B) Implementation.--In carrying out the 
                Initiative, the Secretary shall seek to the greatest 
                extent practicable to leverage expertise and resources 
                from the following:
                            (i) The Office of Science of the Department 
                        of Energy, especially the Basic Energy Sciences 
                        Program and the Biological and Environmental 
                        Research Program of such Office.
                            (ii) The Office of Fossil Energy of the 
                        Department of Energy.
                            (iii) The Advanced Research Projects 
                        Agency-Energy.
                            (iv) The National Science Foundation.
                            (v) The National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                        Administration.
                            (vi) The Environmental Protection Agency.
                            (vii) The Department of Agriculture.
                            (viii) The United States Geological Survey.
                            (ix) The Department of the Interior.
                            (x) The National Aeronautics and Space 
                        Administration.
                            (xi) The National Institute of Standards 
                        and Technology.
            (2) Methane removal.--
                    (A) In general.--Through the Initiative, the 
                Secretary shall organize activities among 
                multidisciplinary teams, consisting of experts from 
                National Laboratories, institutions of higher 
                education, private sector entities, and other 
                appropriate entities to support research, development, 
                demonstration, and commercial application activities 
                examining the feasibility, costs, potential scale, 
                social barriers, and the practical development of 
                methane removal approaches.
                    (B) Research goals.--The activities described in 
                subparagraph (A) shall include defining and satisfying 
                milestone-driven research goals relating to examining 
                the following:
                            (i) Existing mechanisms of atmospheric 
                        oxidation and atmospheric oxidative capacity.
                            (ii) Methanotrophy enhancement.
                            (iii) Biological methods involving plants.
                            (iv) Methane concentrators and breakdown 
                        reactors.
                            (v) Methane breakdown coatings and other 
                        new materials.
                            (vi) Other new and existing methane removal 
                        approaches.
                            (vii) Tools to assess atmospheric methane 
                        removal methods.
                            (viii) Science communication and public 
                        engagement materials.
                    (C) Consistency with national academies report.--
                The research goals described in subparagraph (B) shall 
                be informed by the National Academies of Sciences, 
                Engineering, and Medicine report entitled ``A Research 
                Agenda Toward Atmospheric Methane Removal''.
                    (D) Organization.--The Secretary is authorized to 
                organize research activities under this paragraph 
                through single Principal Investigator awards, small 
                research groups, Energy Frontier Research Centers, 
                Energy Innovation Hubs, or other organizational 
                structures.
                    (E) Resources.--The Secretary shall provide 
                sufficient resources for the purpose of satisfying the 
                goals specified in subparagraph (B) over a period of 
                time to be determined by the Secretary.
            (3) Report to congress.--Not later than three years after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act and every three years 
        thereafter, the Secretary, in consultation with the heads of 
        other relevant Department of Energy applied energy and 
        commercialization offices, the Administrator of the National 
        Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of 
        the Environmental Protection Agency, and other relevant Federal 
        officials at the Secretary's discretion, shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a brief report detailing 
        the following:
                    (A) Research activities and goals under paragraph 
                (2).
                    (B) Progress toward meeting such goals.
                    (C) A summary of the state of scientific knowledge 
                on methane removal approaches, including key knowledge 
                gaps and proposed research to fill such knowledge gaps.
                    (D) Resource limitations and needs.
                    (E) Recommendations for future activities to 
                advance methane removal technologies.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $25,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2027 through 2031.
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