Protect Infant Formula from Contamination Act

Gary C. Peters

Democrat · MI · Senator

Source: Congress.gov · FEC

• John Hoeven (R-ND)Original· 2025-01-28
• Susan M. Collins (R-ME)· 2025-03-03
• Tina Smith (D-MN)· 2025-03-03
• Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH)· 2025-03-12
• Margaret Wood Hassan (D-NH)· 2025-09-03
• Tim Kaine (D-VA)· 2026-01-12
• Tammy Baldwin (D-WI)· 2026-01-13
• Patty Murray (D-WA)· 2026-01-29
• Deb Fischer (R-NE)· 2026-02-10

Held at the desk.

2026-05-04

Source: Congress.gov

Protect Infant Formula from Contamination Act This bill imposes certain new requirements on infant formula manufacturers and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) following the discovery of contaminated, adulterated, or misbranded infant formula. Specifically, the bill requires infant formula manufacturers to report to the FDA within one business day of learning that formula that was processed by the manufacturer but that is no longer within the manufacturer’s control may not provide required nutrients or may be otherwise adulterated or misbranded. Further, if any testing of finished infant formula reveals the presence of specified microorganisms (e.g., salmonella), the manufacturer must notify the FDA within one business day. (Under current law, manufacturers are only required to report contamination to the FDA if the affected formula has left the manufacturer’s control.) The manufacturer must also promptly provide the test results to the FDA and consult with the FDA on proper isolation and disposal of the affected product. The FDA must respond to such a notification and begin discussing proper investigative and corrective action with the manufacturer within one business day. Within 90 days of a report of adulterated, misbranded, or contaminated infant formula, the FDA must determine whether the manufacturer that reported the problem has performed, or is performing, appropriate investigative and corrective action. Finally, the FDA is required to periodically report on the infant formula supply chain and efforts to improve the safety and supply of infant formula, and must consult with other federal agencies and infant formula stakeholders on these issues.

Plain-English rewrite of the Congressional Research Service summary published on Congress.gov. Cached and reviewed.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [S. 272 Engrossed in Senate (ES)] <DOC> 119th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 272 _______________________________________________________________________ AN ACT To improve the safety of infant formula through testing of infant formula for microorganisms, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Protect Infant Formula from Contamination Act''. SEC. 2. NOTIFICATIONS FOR TESTING OF INFANT FORMULA. Section 412(e) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 350a(e)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), in the matter following subparagraph (B)-- (A) by striking ``promptly''; (B) by inserting ``, within 1 business day of acquiring such knowledge'' after ``such knowledge''; and (C) by striking ``the infant formula'' and inserting ``an infant formula''; (2) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (5); and (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following: ``(2) If the result of any testing of a sample from any production aggregate of finished infant formula product is confirmed as a positive analytical result for any microorganism for which finished product testing is required under section 106.55(e) of title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), the manufacturer shall-- ``(A) within 1 business day of acquiring a confirmed positive analytical result, notify the Secretary of such result, regardless of whether such product has left an establishment subject to the control of the manufacturer; ``(B) promptly consult with the Secretary for proper isolation of the affected product, and, as the Secretary may require, cease distribution and properly dispose of the affected product; and ``(C) promptly provide to the Secretary results and isolates from a positive sample of such product or the whole genome sequence data from any confirmed positive analytical result. ``(3) Not later than 1 business day after receipt by the Secretary of a notification under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary shall respond to the manufacturer of the infant formula to begin discussions regarding investigation and corrective action, and, as appropriate, share the findings of the Secretary with the manufacturer. ``(4) Not later than 90 days after receipt of a notification under paragraph (1) or (2), the Secretary shall confirm, including through the collection of documentation, that the manufacturer submitting the notification performed, or is performing, an appropriate investigation and corrective action, if applicable. The Secretary shall consider, as part of the review of the root cause investigation, the analytical method used to conduct laboratory testing and, as appropriate, the potential for cross contamination of the sample by handling and testing. The manufacturer shall make such documentation available to the Secretary electronically and for inspection under section 704.''. SEC. 3. REPORTING TO IMPROVE THE SAFETY AND SUPPLY OF INFANT FORMULA. Section 412 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 350a) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(n) Reporting To Improve the Safety and Supply of Infant Formula.-- ``(1) Progress report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Protect Infant Formula from Contamination Act, the Secretary shall issue a progress report on implementation of the recommendations to improve the safety and supply of infant formula contained in the report titled, `Long-Term National Strategy to Increase the Resiliency of the U.S. Infant Formula Market', issued by the Food and Drug Administration in January 2025. Such progress report shall include additional authorities or resources that the Secretary may require for purposes of improving the safety and supply of infant formula and any revisions to the recommendations as a result…

of any infant formula recalls since the publication of the report, as appropriate. ``(2) Quarterly reports on supply chain.--Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of the Protect Infant Formula from Contamination Act, and not less frequently than quarterly for the 5-year period thereafter, the Secretary shall submit a report on the most current critical supply chain data for infant formula, including in-stock rates, to-- ``(A) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions; the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry; and the Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies of the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and ``(B) the Committee on Energy and Commerce; the Committee on Agriculture; and the Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies of the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. ``(3) Consultation.--The Secretary shall engage with the Department of Agriculture and other relevant agencies of the Federal Government regarding ongoing efforts to address immediate formula needs and build long-term resiliency into the infant formula market. ``(4) Reports on adequacy of supply.--Not later than 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years after the date of enactment of the Protect Infant Formula from Contamination Act, the Secretary shall-- ``(A) engage with public stakeholders, infant formula manufacturers, and other stakeholders, as determined by the Secretary, to determine evidence- based practices that can be implemented to maximize infant formula supply and infant safety, which may include the value of high frequency testing for purposes of identifying contamination events, including events associated with botulism or other contaminants, and bracketing potentially contaminated product, the impact of corrective action on contamination events, including events associated with botulism or other contaminants, and evidence-based recommendations for enhancing infant formula supply and safety; and ``(B) submit a report to the committees described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (2) that identifies the modifications to manufacturer practices and actions described in subparagraph (A), if any, that could be implemented to improve infant formula supply and safety.''. Passed the Senate April 28, 2026. Attest: Secretary. 119th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 272 _______________________________________________________________________ AN ACT To improve the safety of infant formula through testing of infant formula for microorganisms, and for other purposes.

• S4885Shandra Eisenga Human Cell and Tissue Product Safety Act
  Referred to Committee · 2026-06-24
• S4861Housing Financial Literacy Act of 2026
  Referred to Committee · 2026-06-23
• S4811Tribal Conservation Priorities Inclusion Act
  Referred to Committee · 2026-06-17
• S4679A bill to amend title 49, United States Code, to allow the introduction of certain noncompliant motor vehicle equipment in interstate commerce for testing purposes, and for other purposes.
  Referred to Committee · 2026-06-03