SenateS. 4561119th Congress

CLOSE THE GAP Act

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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4561 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 4561

   To modernize and streamline the permitting process for broadband 
        infrastructure on Federal land, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 19, 2026

  Mr. Barrasso (for himself and Ms. Lummis) introduced the following 
bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and 
                           Natural Resources

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
   To modernize and streamline the permitting process for broadband 
        infrastructure on Federal land, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Closing Long Overdue Streamlining 
Encumbrances To Help Expeditiously Generate Approved Permits Act'' or 
the ``CLOSE THE GAP Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Communications facility.--The term ``communications 
        facility'' has the meaning given the term in section 8705(a) of 
        the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (43 U.S.C. 1761a(a)).
            (2) Communications site.--The term ``communications site'' 
        means an area of Federal land available for communications use.
            (3) Communications use.--The term ``communications use'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 8705(a) of the 
        Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (43 U.S.C. 1761a(a)).
            (4) Communications use authorization.--The term 
        ``communications use authorization'' means an easement, right-
        of-way, lease, license, or other authorization granted by the 
        Secretary concerned to locate or modify a communications 
        facility on Federal land for the primary purpose of authorizing 
        the occupancy and use of the Federal land for communications 
        use.
            (5) Cost recovery fee.--The term ``cost recovery fee'' 
        means any fee collected by a Federal land management agency 
        related to--
                    (A) an application for a communications use 
                authorization; or
                    (B) the occupancy and use authorized by a 
                communications use authorization pursuant to and 
                consistent with authorizing law.
            (6) Covered land.--The term ``covered land'' means land 
        managed by the Secretary concerned.
            (7) Electronic sf-299.--The term ``electronic SF-299'' 
        means a version of Standard Form 299, or a substantially 
        similar form, that has been digitally modified for online 
        interaction.
            (8) Federal land.--The term ``Federal land'' means land 
        under the jurisdiction and management of a Federal land 
        management agency.
            (9) Federal land management agency.--The term ``Federal 
        land management agency'' means--
                    (A) the National Park Service;
                    (B) the Bureau of Land Management;
                    (C) the Bureau of Reclamation;
                    (D) the United States Fish and Wildlife Service;
                    (E) the Bureau of Indian Affairs; and
                    (F) the Forest Service.
            (10) Organizational unit.--The term ``organizational unit'' 
        means--
                    (A) with respect to Federal land administered by 
                the Secretary of the Interior--
                            (i) a State office;
                            (ii) a district office;
                            (iii) a field office; or
                            (iv) a regional office; and
                    (B) with respect to the Forest Service--
                            (i) a regional office;
                            (ii) the headquarters;
                            (iii) an administrative unit; or
                            (iv) a ranger district office.
            (11) Previously analyzed federal land.--The term 
        ``previously analyzed Federal land'' means any Federal land 
        with respect to which the Secretary concerned has--
                    (A) granted a communications use authorization; and
                    (B) conducted sufficient environmental or 
                historical reviews, as determined by the Secretary 
                concerned.
            (12) Secretary concerned.--The term ``Secretary concerned'' 
        means--
                    (A) the Secretary of the Interior, with respect to 
                Federal land under the jurisdiction and management of 
                the Secretary of the Interior, acting through, as 
                applicable--
                            (i) the Commissioner of Reclamation;
                            (ii) the Director of the National Park 
                        Service;
                            (iii) the Director of the United States 
                        Fish and Wildlife Service;
                            (iv) the Director of the Bureau of Land 
                        Management; and
                            (v) the Director of the Bureau of Indian 
                        Affairs; and
                    (B) the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to 
                National Forest System land, acting through the Chief 
                of the Forest Service.
            (13) Standard form 299.--The term ``Standard Form 299'' 
        means the form developed by the Administrator of General 
        Services under section 6409(b)(2)(A) of the Middle Class Tax 
        Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (47 U.S.C. 1455(b)(2)(A)) 
        or any successor form.
            (14) Working group.--The term ``working group'' means the 
        Federal Land Management Agency Working Group established by 
        section 11(a).

SEC. 3. PROMULGATION OF REGULATIONS FOR STREAMLINING PURPOSES.

    (a) Regulations.--Notwithstanding section 6409 of the Middle Class 
Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (47 U.S.C. 1455), not later 
than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
concerned shall promulgate regulations--
            (1) to ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that the 
        process is uniform and standardized across applicable 
        organizational units;
            (2) to require that applications to locate or modify 
        communications facilities on covered land be considered and 
        granted on a competitively neutral, technology neutral, and 
        nondiscriminatory basis; and
            (3) to require that the cost recovery fee for locating or 
        modifying covered facilities on covered land be--
                    (A) calculated and assessed on an annual basis; and
                    (B) based solely on costs incurred by the 
                organizational unit in processing applications and 
                overseeing any construction related thereto.
    (b) Requirements.--The regulations promulgated under subsection (a) 
shall--
            (1) include procedures for the tracking of applications 
        described in subsection (a)(1), including--
                    (A) identifying on a publicly available website the 
                number of applications--
                            (i) received;
                            (ii) approved; and
                            (iii) denied;
                    (B) in the case of an application that is denied, 
                requiring that the applicant be provided with--
                            (i) a written decision describing the 
                        reasons for the denial; and
                            (ii) an opportunity to cure or appeal the 
                        denial; and
                    (C) describing the period of time between the 
                receipt of an application and the issuance of a final 
                decision on an application; and
            (2) provide for minimum lease terms of not less than 30 
        years for leases with respect to the location of communications 
        facilities on covered land.
    (c) Additional Considerations.--In promulgating regulations under 
subsection (a), the Secretary concerned shall consider--
            (1) how discrete reviews in considering an application 
        described in paragraph (1) of that subsection can be conducted 
        simultaneously, rather than sequentially, by any organizational 
        units that must approve the location or modification; and
            (2) how to eliminate overlapping requirements among the 
        organizational units with respect to the location or 
        modification of a communications facility on covered land 
        administered by the organizational units.
    (d) Communication of Streamlined Process to Organizational Units.--
The Secretary concerned shall, with respect to the regulations 
promulgated under subsection (a)--
            (1) communicate the regulations to the applicable 
        organizational units; and
            (2) ensure that those organizational units follow the 
        regulations.
    (e) Savings Provisions.--
            (1) Real property authorities.--Nothing in this section 
        provides any executive agency or organizational unit with any 
        new leasing or other real property authorities not in existence 
        before the date of enactment of this Act.
            (2) Effect on other laws.--
                    (A) In general.--Nothing in this section, including 
                any action taken pursuant to this section, affects a 
                decision or determination made by any executive agency 
                before the date of enactment of this Act to sell, 
                dispose of, declare excess or surplus, lease, reuse, or 
                redevelop any Federal real property pursuant to title 
                40, United States Code, the Federal Assets Sale and 
                Transfer Act of 2016 (40 U.S.C. 1303 note; Public Law 
                114-287), or any other law governing real property 
                activities of the Federal Government.
                    (B) Agreements.--No agreement entered into pursuant 
                to this section obligates the Federal Government to 
                hold, control, or otherwise retain or use real property 
                that may otherwise be deemed as excess, surplus, or 
                that could otherwise be sold, leased, or redeveloped.

SEC. 4. DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES RELATING TO THE PROCESSING OF 
              APPLICATIONS FOR BROADBAND PROJECT PERMITS ON FEDERAL 
              LAND; REPORT.

    (a) Definition of Applicable Deadline.--In this section, the term 
``applicable deadline'', with respect to an application for a broadband 
project permit on Federal land, means the deadline for that application 
established by section 6409(b)(3)(A) of the Middle Class Tax Relief and 
Job Creation Act of 2012 (47 U.S.C. 1455(b)(3)(A)).
    (b) Data Collection Procedures.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretaries concerned, acting 
jointly, shall establish standardized procedures for internally 
tracking within Federal land management agencies the following data 
relating to applications for broadband project permits on Federal land:
            (1) The number of applications that are pending on or after 
        the applicable deadline.
            (2) The number of applications that have been approved by 
        the applicable deadline.
            (3) The number of applications that were approved after the 
        applicable deadline.
            (4) The number of applications that have been denied by the 
        applicable deadline.
            (5) The number of applications that have been denied after 
        the applicable deadline.
            (6) The number of applications that have been withdrawn 
        before the applicable deadline.
            (7) The number of applications that were withdrawn after 
        the applicable deadline.
            (8) The average processing time for applications.
            (9) In the case of applications that were approved after 
        the applicable deadline, the average number of days by which 
        the approval exceeded the applicable deadline.
    (c) Report on Delays in the Approval of Applications for Broadband 
Projects on Federal Land.--Not later than 1 year after the date on 
which the Secretaries concerned establish the procedures under 
subsection (b), the Secretaries concerned, acting jointly, shall submit 
to the Committees on Energy and Natural Resources, Environment and 
Public Works, and Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate 
and the Committees on Natural Resources, Energy and Commerce, and 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives a report that--
            (1) describes and analyzes the data collected in accordance 
        with those procedures, including an analysis of any factors 
        causing a delay in the approval of applications for broadband 
        project permits on Federal land; and
            (2) provides recommendations to address any of the factors 
        identified under paragraph (1) in order to accelerate broadband 
        project permitting on Federal land.

SEC. 5. ONLINE TRACKING OF APPLICATION PROGRESS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
communications projects (as defined in section 41001 of the FAST Act 
(42 U.S.C. 4370m)) should be, under title XLI of the FAST Act (42 
U.S.C. 4370m et seq.), considered a high priority as having an 
increased regional or national economic significance.
    (b) Communications Projects as Covered Projects.--Section 41001 of 
the FAST Act (42 U.S.C. 4370m) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (18) as 
        paragraphs (5) through (19), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) Communications project.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `communications 
                project' means any construction project carried out at 
                a communications site.
                    ``(B) Other terms.--For purposes of this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Communications facility.--The term 
                        `communications facility' has the meaning given 
                        the term in section 8705(a) of the Agriculture 
                        Improvement Act of 2018 (43 U.S.C. 1761a(a)).
                            ``(ii) Communications site.--The term 
                        `communications site' means an area of Federal 
                        land available for communications use.
                            ``(iii) Communications use.--The term 
                        `communications use' has the meaning given the 
                        term in section 8705(a) of the Agriculture 
                        Improvement Act of 2018 (43 U.S.C. 1761a(a)).
                            ``(iv) Federal land.--The term `Federal 
                        land' means land under the jurisdiction and 
                        management of a Federal land management agency.
                            ``(v) Federal land management agency.--The 
                        term `Federal land management agency' means--
                                    ``(I) the National Park Service;
                                    ``(II) the Bureau of Land 
                                Management;
                                    ``(III) the Bureau of Reclamation;
                                    ``(IV) the United States Fish and 
                                Wildlife Service;
                                    ``(V) the Forest Service; and
                                    ``(VI) the Bureau of Indian 
                                Affairs.''; and
            (3) in paragraph (7)(A) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
                inserting ``communications projects,'' after ``carbon 
                capture,''; and
                    (B) in clause (i), by striking subclause (II) and 
                inserting the following:
                            ``(II) is likely to require a total 
                        investment--
                                    ``(aa) in the case of a 
                                communications project, of any amount; 
                                and
                                    ``(bb) in the case of any other 
                                activity, of more than $200,000,000; 
                                and''.

SEC. 6. IMPROVING PUBLIC SAFETY ON FEDERAL LAND.

    Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary concerned shall direct the head of each Federal land 
management agency under the jurisdiction of the Secretary concerned--
            (1) to establish a new categorical exclusion from the 
        requirements of title I of the National Environmental Policy 
        Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4331 et seq.) for projects involving an 
        existing communications facility that would improve public 
        safety on Federal land, such as--
                    (A) providing backup power for the communications 
                facility;
                    (B) improving supporting infrastructure at the 
                communications facility; or
                    (C) providing more reliable or redundant connection 
                capabilities using the communications facility; or
            (2) to adopt an existing categorical exclusion from another 
        agency under section 109 of that Act (42 U.S.C. 4336c) 
        applicable to projects described in paragraph (1).

SEC. 7. PREVIOUSLY ANALYZED FEDERAL LAND.

    (a) Nonapplicability of Certain Review Requirements.--The review 
requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 
U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and division A of subtitle III of title 54, United 
States Code, shall not apply to an application for a communications use 
authorization on Federal land (including Federal land on which 
authorized utilities, communications facilities, powerline facilities, 
or roads have been installed), if--
            (1) the communications equipment is located in or on 
        existing infrastructure; or
            (2) the communications facility is located on previously 
        analyzed Federal land.
    (b) No Additional Consultation Required Under Certain 
Circumstances.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
Secretary concerned shall not be required to reinitiate consultation 
under the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 
(42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) or division A of subtitle III of title 54, 
United States Code, for an application for a communications use 
authorization on previously analyzed Federal land, regardless of 
whether new information concerning the previously analyzed Federal land 
becomes available.

SEC. 8. WIRELESS FACILITY MODIFICATIONS.

    Section 6409(a) of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act 
of 2012 (47 U.S.C. 1455(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (3).

SEC. 9. ESTABLISHMENT OF ONLINE PORTALS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, each Federal land management agency shall establish an 
online portal to accept an electronic SF-299.
    (b) Coordination.--The Federal land management agencies shall 
coordinate with each other to establish uniform versions of the online 
portal required under subsection (a).

SEC. 10. COLLECTION AND RETENTION OF COST RECOVERY FEES.

    (a) Collection and Retention of Cost Recovery Fees Associated With 
Communications Use Authorizations on Federal Land and Federal Land 
Management Agency Support for Communications Site Programs.--
            (1) Special account required.--The Secretary of the 
        Treasury shall establish a special account in the Treasury for 
        each Federal land management agency for the deposit of cost 
        recovery fees received by the Federal land management agency 
        relating to communications use authorizations granted, issued, 
        or executed by the Federal land management agency.
            (2) Requirements for cost recovery fees.--Notwithstanding 
        any other provision of law, any cost recovery fees collected by 
        a Federal land management agency pursuant to this section shall 
        be--
                    (A) collected only to the extent provided in 
                advance in an appropriations Act;
                    (B) calculated and assessed on an annual basis;
                    (C) based solely on costs incurred by 
                organizational units in processing applications for 
                communications use authorizations and overseeing any 
                applicable construction activities relating to the 
                communications use authorizations; and
                    (D) imposed on a competitively neutral, technology-
                neutral, and nondiscriminatory basis with respect to 
                other uses of the applicable communications site.
            (3) Deposit and retention of cost recovery fees.--Cost 
        recovery fees received by a Federal land management agency 
        shall--
                    (A) be deposited in the special account established 
                for that Federal land management agency under paragraph 
                (1); and
                    (B) remain available for expenditure under 
                paragraph (4), to the extent and in such amounts as are 
                provided in advance in appropriations Acts.
            (4) Expenditure of retained fees.--Amounts deposited in the 
        special account established for a Federal land management 
        agency under paragraph (1) shall be used by the Federal land 
        management agency for activities relating to communications use 
        authorizations or communications sites, including the 
        following:
                    (A) Administering communications use 
                authorizations, including through cooperative 
                agreements under subsection (b).
                    (B) Preparing needs assessments or other 
                programmatic analyses necessary to establish 
                communications sites and authorize communications uses 
                on or adjacent to Federal land.
                    (C) Developing management plans for the placement 
                of communications sites on or adjacent to Federal land 
                on a competitively neutral, technology-neutral, 
                nondiscriminatory basis.
                    (D) Training for management of communications sites 
                on or adjacent to Federal land.
                    (E) Obtaining, improving access to, or establishing 
                communications sites on or adjacent to Federal land.
                    (F) Hiring and training personnel to perform duties 
                that will help--
                            (i) to streamline permitting processes 
                        associated with communications use 
                        authorizations and the use of communications 
                        sites for communications use on Federal land; 
                        and
                            (ii) to reduce the time it takes for 
                        permits relating to communications use 
                        authorizations and the use of communications 
                        sites for communications use on Federal land to 
                        be approved.
            (5) No effect on other fee retention authorities.--This 
        subsection shall not limit or otherwise affect fee retention by 
        a Federal land management agency under any other authority.
    (b) Cooperative Agreement Authority.--The Secretary of the Interior 
may enter into cooperative agreements to carry out the activities 
described in subsection (a)(4).

SEC. 11. FEDERAL LAND MANAGEMENT AGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established a working group, to be 
known as the ``Federal Land Management Agency Working Group''.
    (b) Membership.--The working group shall be composed of 1 
representative of each of the Federal land management agencies, to be 
appointed by the Secretary concerned.
    (c) Duties.--The working group shall--
            (1) periodically meet to coordinate and expedite the review 
        of applications for communications use authorizations; and
            (2) coordinate with the Federal Communications Commission 
        to use broadband location data created under section 802(c) of 
        the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 642(c)) to identify 
        unserved locations that may need to use a Federal right-of-way 
        and prepare for potential communications use authorization 
        applications.
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