SenateS. 4564119th Congress

Maritime Cybersecurity Act

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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4564 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 4564

To amend title 46, United States Code, to require the Secretary of the 
      department in which the Coast Guard is operating to assess 
 cybersecurity risks of certain software and hardware used in certain 
              maritime facilities, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 19, 2026

Mr. Scott of Florida (for himself and Mr. Kim) introduced the following 
 bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, 
                      Science, and Transportation

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
To amend title 46, United States Code, to require the Secretary of the 
      department in which the Coast Guard is operating to assess 
 cybersecurity risks of certain software and hardware used in certain 
              maritime facilities, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Maritime Cybersecurity Act''.

SEC. 2. CYBERSECURITY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS OF CERTAIN MARITIME 
              FACILITY SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE.

    Section 70102 of title 46, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by inserting ``(including, 
                with respect to covered facilities, cybersecurity risks 
                of covered software or hardware as provided under 
                subsection (d)(1))'' after ``cybersecurity risks'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by inserting before the 
                period ``, except that, for covered facilities, the 
                Secretary shall annually update each such vulnerability 
                assessment with respect to the identification of 
                weaknesses in security and cybersecurity risks of 
                covered software or hardware in accordance with 
                subsection (d)(1)''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (4)--
                            (i) by striking ``In lieu'' and inserting 
                        ``(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
                        in lieu''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) In the event that the Secretary accepts an 
        alternative assessment described in subparagraph (A) for a 
        covered facility, the Secretary shall still conduct an 
        assessment under paragraph (1) of weaknesses in security and 
        cybersecurity risks of covered software or hardware used at the 
        facility in accordance with subsection (d)(1).''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Assessing Cybersecurity Risks of Covered Software or 
Hardware.--
            ``(1) Assessments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this subsection, and annually 
                thereafter, the Secretary, in coordination with the 
                Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure 
                Security Agency, shall conduct an assessment under 
                subsection (b)(1) with respect to weaknesses in 
                security and cybersecurity risks of covered software or 
                hardware.
                    ``(B) Reducing barriers.--The Secretary may conduct 
                an assessment under this paragraph--
                            ``(i) notwithstanding any provision of an 
                        end user licensing agreement or other contract 
                        that would otherwise hinder such assessment; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) without obtaining the consent of any 
                        owner or operator of a covered facility, or any 
                        other person, notwithstanding any other 
                        provision of law.
            ``(2) Covered facility reports and compliance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date of enactment of this subsection, and annually 
                thereafter, the owner or operator of a covered facility 
                shall submit a report to the Secretary that--
                            ``(i) identifies--
                                    ``(I) any covered software or 
                                hardware that--
                                            ``(aa) the owner or 
                                        operator is using, plans to 
                                        use, or during the previous 
                                        year used at the facility; and
                                            ``(bb) was manufactured--

                                                    ``(AA) by a foreign 
                                                entity of concern or a 
                                                foreign country of 
                                                concern;

                                                    ``(BB) by a company 
                                                controlled or operated 
                                                by a foreign entity of 
                                                concern or a foreign 
                                                country of concern; or

                                                    ``(CC) in a foreign 
                                                country of concern;

                                    ``(II) any instance with respect to 
                                the facility of a cybersecurity risk 
                                resulting in a transportation security 
                                incident involving the marine 
                                transportation system or any port 
                                security system; and
                                    ``(III) any other cybersecurity 
                                risk with respect to the facility, 
                                without regard to whether the risk 
                                resulted in a transportation security 
                                incident; and
                            ``(ii) except as provided under 
                        subparagraph (B)(ii), certifies that any 
                        covered software or hardware that the owner or 
                        operator is using, plans to use, or during the 
                        previous year used has been assessed for 
                        consistency with standards of the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology or 
                        equivalent standards within the previous year 
                        and the owner or operator has mitigated against 
                        any inconsistencies with such standards.
                    ``(B) Compliance.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), the owner or operator of a covered 
                        facility may not use any covered software or 
                        hardware described in subparagraph (A)(ii) for 
                        which it cannot certify consistency with 
                        standards of the National Institute of 
                        Standards and Technology or equivalent 
                        standards.
                            ``(ii) Waiver process.--The Secretary may 
                        issue a waiver to allow an owner or operator of 
                        a covered facility to use covered software or 
                        hardware for which it cannot certify 
                        consistency with standards of the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology or 
                        equivalent standards if the Secretary 
                        determines that there is low risk to national 
                        security which is outweighed by the benefit to 
                        commerce.
            ``(3) Annual reports to congress.--Not later than 1 year 
        after the date of enactment of this subsection, and annually 
        thereafter, the Secretary, in coordination with the Director of 
        the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, shall 
        provide a report, to the Committee on Homeland Security and 
        Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on 
        Homeland Security of the House of Representatives, on--
                    ``(A) the findings of the most recent assessment 
                under paragraph (1);
                    ``(B) the findings of the most recent reports under 
                paragraph (2);
                    ``(C) any actions taken by the Secretary, or the 
                Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure 
                Security Agency, to mitigate cybersecurity risks with 
                respect to covered software or hardware; and
                    ``(D) any recommendations to Congress on 
                strengthening maritime transportation and port security 
                with respect to cybersecurity risks of covered software 
                or hardware.
            ``(4) Nondisclosure.--Subject to paragraph (5), information 
        in any assessment or report under this subsection shall not be 
        disclosed to the public, pursuant to section 552(b)(3) of the 
        United States Code.
            ``(5) Coordination.--The Secretary shall coordinate, as 
        appropriate, with Federal entities, and any other entities that 
        have an agreement in effect with the Secretary for the sharing 
        of information, to make information compiled by the Secretary 
        under this subsection available to such entities for the 
        purposes of maritime transportation security, cybersecurity 
        risk mitigation, or compliance assistance related to covered 
        facilities or covered software or hardware.
    ``(e) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Covered facility.--The term `covered facility' means 
        a facility--
                    ``(A) that is described in subsection (b)(1); and
                    ``(B) to which part 105 or 106 of title 33, Code of 
                Federal Regulations (or successor regulations), 
                applies.
            ``(2) Covered software or hardware.--The term `covered 
        software or hardware' means any software or hardware that--
                    ``(A) connects to the internet or otherwise poses a 
                cybersecurity risk;
                    ``(B) is used at a covered facility; and
                    ``(C) is used in--
                            ``(i) the marine transportation system, 
                        including in a crane manufactured--
                                    ``(I) by a foreign entity of 
                                concern or a foreign country of 
                                concern;
                                    ``(II) by a company controlled or 
                                operated by a foreign entity of concern 
                                or a foreign country of concern; or
                                    ``(III) in a foreign country of 
                                concern; or
                            ``(ii) a business system that, if 
                        compromised or exploited, could result in a 
                        transportation security incident;
                            ``(iii) a system whose ownership, 
                        operation, maintenance, or control is delegated 
                        wholly or in part to any other party; or
                            ``(iv) any other maritime infrastructure 
                        determined by the Secretary to be a high 
                        cybersecurity risk to the security of any 
                        covered facility or to maritime transportation 
                        security.
            ``(3) Cybersecurity vulnerability.--The term `cybersecurity 
        vulnerability' means a characteristic or specific weakness that 
        renders software or hardware or affiliated systems open to 
        exploitation by a given threat or susceptible to a given 
        hazard.
            ``(4) Foreign country of concern; foreign entity of 
        concern.--The terms `foreign country of concern' and `foreign 
        entity of concern' have the meanings given such terms in 
        section 10612(a) of the Research and Development, Competition, 
        and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19221(a)).''.
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