SenateS. 5083119th Congress

Fiscal Sponsorship Transparency Act of 2026

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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 5083 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 5083

  To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require reporting by 
    certain charitable organizations relating to fiscal sponsorship 
                 arrangements, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 22, 2026

  Mr. Cotton introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
                  referred to the Committee on Finance

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
  To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require reporting by 
    certain charitable organizations relating to fiscal sponsorship 
                 arrangements, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fiscal Sponsorship Transparency Act 
of 2026''.

SEC. 2. TREATMENT OF FISCAL SPONSORSHIP ARRANGEMENTS.

    (a) Reporting Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--Section 6033(b) of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986 is amended by striking ``and'' at the end of 
        paragraph (15)(B), by redesignating paragraph (16) as paragraph 
        (17), and by inserting after paragraph (15) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(16) with respect to each fiscal sponsorship arrangement 
        of the organization in effect during the taxable year--
                    ``(A) the name of each party (other than any 
                individuals) to such arrangement,
                    ``(B)(i) in the case of a fiscal sponsorship 
                arrangement described in subsection (p)(1)(B)(ii), the 
                aggregate amounts made available during the taxable 
                year under such arrangement for the specifically 
                identified project described in such subsection,
                    ``(ii) in the case of any other fiscal sponsorship 
                arrangement, the aggregate amounts transferred during 
                the taxable year under such arrangement to the person 
                on whose behalf the organization receives and 
                administers amounts, and
                    ``(iii) a description of the activities to which 
                the amounts so made available or transferred, as the 
                case may be, relate,
                    ``(C) the name of an individual designated as the 
                principal officer managing such fiscal sponsorship 
                arrangement on behalf of the organization, and
                    ``(D) the date on which the arrangement began and, 
                if applicable, ended, and''.
            (2) Fiscal sponsorship arrangement.--Section 6033 of such 
        Code is amended by redesignating subsection (p) as subsection 
        (q) and by inserting after subsection (o) the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(p) Fiscal Sponsorship Arrangement.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this section, the term 
        `fiscal sponsorship arrangement' means, with respect to an 
        applicable organization, an arrangement--
                    ``(A) between the organization and another person 
                that is not exempt from tax under section 501(a),
                    ``(B) under which--
                            ``(i) the organization agrees for 
                        consideration to receive and administer amounts 
                        on behalf of such other person, or
                            ``(ii)(I) the organization publicly 
                        solicits amounts for carrying on a specifically 
                        identified project that is represented as a 
                        means to further an exempt purpose of the 
                        organization,
                            ``(II) the organization agrees to receive 
                        and administer amounts directed to such project 
                        and make such amounts available for the 
                        organization to carry out the project (less an 
                        amount specified in the arrangement to be used 
                        by the organization for other purposes), and
                            ``(III) either the organization or such 
                        other person may terminate the arrangement, and
                    ``(C) under which the organization retains 
                discretion and control over such amounts to ensure such 
                amounts are used to further an exempt purpose of the 
                organization.
            ``(2) Special rule for otherwise disregarded entities.--For 
        purposes of paragraph (1), any entity--
                    ``(A) which is owned (directly or indirectly) by 
                the organization, and
                    ``(B) which would (but for this paragraph) be 
                disregarded as an entity separate from its owner,
        shall be treated as an entity that is separate from its owner 
        and that is not exempt from tax under section 501(a).
            ``(3) Applicable organization.--For purposes of this 
        subsection, the term `applicable organization' means an 
        organization to which subsection (b) applies, other than--
                    ``(A) a private foundation (as defined in section 
                509(a)), or
                    ``(B) a donor advised fund (as defined in section 
                4966(d)(2)).''.
    (b) No Deduction Allowed for Contributions Under Improper Conduit 
Arrangement.--Section 170(c) of such Code is amended by adding at the 
end the following: ``The term `charitable contribution' shall not 
include any contribution or gift made under an improper conduit 
arrangement (as defined in section 4960A(d)(2)).''.
    (c) Taxes Imposed on Improper Conduit Arrangements.--
            (1) In general.--Subchapter D of chapter 42 of such Code is 
        amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 4960A. TAXES ON IMPROPER CONDUIT ARRANGEMENTS.

    ``(a) Initial Taxes.--
            ``(1) On the organization.--In the case of a specified tax-
        exempt organization, there is hereby imposed on any amount 
        knowingly transferred pursuant to an improper conduit 
        arrangement a tax equal to 20 percent of the amount thereof. 
        The tax imposed by this paragraph shall be paid by the 
        organization.
            ``(2) On the management.--In any case in which a tax is 
        imposed by paragraph (1) with respect to a transfer pursuant to 
        an improper conduit arrangement, there is hereby imposed on the 
        agreement of any organization manager to the making of such 
        transfer, knowing such arrangement is an improper conduit 
        arrangement, a tax equal to 5 percent of the amount thereof, 
        unless such agreement is not willful and is due to reasonable 
        cause. The tax imposed by this paragraph shall be paid by the 
        organization manager who agreed to the transfer.
    ``(b) Additional Taxes.--
            ``(1) On the organization.--In any case in which an initial 
        tax is imposed by subsection (a)(1) with respect to a transfer 
        pursuant to an improper conduit arrangement and such transfer 
        is not corrected within the taxable period, there is hereby 
        imposed a tax equal to 100 percent of the amount of the 
        transfer. The tax imposed by this paragraph shall be paid by 
        the organization.
            ``(2) On the management.--In any case in which an 
        additional tax is imposed by paragraph (1), if an organization 
        manager refused to agree to part or all of the correction, 
        there is hereby imposed a tax equal to 50 percent of the amount 
        of the transfer. The tax imposed by this paragraph shall be 
        paid by any organization manager who refused to agree to part 
        or all of the correction.
    ``(c) Special Rules.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) Joint and several liability.--If more than one person 
        is liable under subsection (a)(2) or (b)(2) with respect to a 
        transfer, all such persons shall be jointly and severally 
        liable under such paragraph with respect to such transfer.
            ``(2) Limit for management.--With respect to any improper 
        conduit arrangement, the maximum amount of the tax imposed by 
        subsection (a)(2) shall not exceed $10,000, and the maximum 
        amount of the tax imposed by subsection (b)(2) shall not exceed 
        $20,000.
    ``(d) Definitions.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) Specified tax-exempt organization.--The term 
        `specified tax-exempt organization' means--
                    ``(A) an organization that is exempt from tax under 
                section 501(a) and is described in section 501(c)(3), 
                or
                    ``(B) any organization which was described in 
                subparagraph (A) at any time during the 5-year period 
                ending on the date of the transfer pursuant to an 
                improper conduit arrangement.
            ``(2) Improper conduit arrangement.--The term `improper 
        conduit arrangement' means, with respect to a specified tax-
        exempt organization, an arrangement (express or implied) with 
        another person under which--
                    ``(A) contributions are solicited or received to be 
                transferred to a specifically identified person not 
                exempt from tax under section 501(a), and
                    ``(B) the organization fails to exercise discretion 
                and control over the use of the funds.
            ``(3) Correction.--The terms `correction' and `correct' 
        mean, with respect to any transfer to which this section 
        applies, recovering part or all of the transfer to the extent 
        recovery is possible, and where full recovery is not possible 
        such additional corrective action as is prescribed by the 
        Secretary by regulations.
            ``(4) Taxable period.--The term `taxable period' means, 
        with respect to any transfer under an improper conduit 
        arrangement, the period beginning with the date on which the 
        transfer occurs and ending on the earlier of--
                    ``(A) the date of mailing of a notice of deficiency 
                with respect to the tax imposed by subsection (a)(1) 
                under section 6212, or
                    ``(B) the date on which tax imposed by subsection 
                (a)(1) is assessed.
            ``(5) Organization manager.--The term `organization 
        manager' means, with respect to any specified tax-exempt 
        organization, any officer, director, or trustee of such 
        organization (or any individual having powers or 
        responsibilities similar to those of officers, directors, or 
        trustees of the organization).''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections for 
        subchapter D of chapter 42 of such Code is amended by adding at 
        the end the following new item:

``Sec. 4960A. Taxes on improper conduit arrangements.''.
    (d) Regulations.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe 
such regulations as may be necessary or appropriate to clarify--
            (1) arrangements to which section 6033(p)(1) of the 
        Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this Act) applies, 
        and
            (2) what constitutes ``discretion and control'' for 
        purposes of sections 6033(p)(1)(C) and 4960A(d)(2)(B) of such 
        Code (as added by this Act).
    (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2027.
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