SenateS. 5171119th Congress
Children's Artificial Intelligence Toy Safety Act of 2026
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[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 5171 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
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119th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 5171
To require a study of AI-enabled toys and development of a joint action
plan regarding the marketing and sale of AI-enabled toys.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
July 29, 2026
Ms. Duckworth (for herself and Ms. Murkowski) introduced the following
bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To require a study of AI-enabled toys and development of a joint action
plan regarding the marketing and sale of AI-enabled toys.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Children's Artificial Intelligence
Toy Safety Act of 2026''.
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) AI-enabled toy.--The term ``AI-enabled toy'' means any
toy equipped with artificial intelligence designed to engage in
two-way interaction with a user.
(2) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial
intelligence'' has the meaning given such term in section 5002
of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020
(15 U.S.C. 9401).
(3) Artificial intelligence chatbot.--The term ``artificial
intelligence chatbot'' means artificial intelligence that, in
an open-ended natural-language or multimodal manner--
(A) accepts user input;
(B) engages in interactive conversations with a
user; and
(C) provides outputs that are not--
(i) pre-determined or scripted; or
(ii) limited to contextualized replies or
to a narrow, specified purpose, such as--
(I) customer service;
(II) any operational purpose of a
business;
(III) productivity and analysis
related to source information;
(IV) internal research; or
(V) technical assistance.
(4) Child.--The term ``child'' means an individual under 14
years of age.
(5) Developer.--The term ``developer'' means any person who
designs, creates, programs, maintains, or assumes
responsibility for artificial intelligence intended for use by
consumers.
(6) Manufacturer.--The term ``manufacturer'' has the
meaning given such term in section 3 of the Consumer Product
Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052).
(7) Toy.--The term ``toy'' has the meaning given the term
``children's toy'' in section 108(g)(1) of the Consumer Product
Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (15 U.S.C. 2057c(g)(1)).
SEC. 3. STUDY.
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall
conduct a study regarding AI-enabled toys that assesses--
(1) the risk of injury (including physical, mental,
emotional, and social injury) to children in different stages
of development from AI-enabled toys and artificial intelligence
chatbots;
(2) educational outcomes resulting from using AI-enabled
toys outside of an educational setting;
(3) the adoption and utilization of parental controls on
AI-enabled toys by consumers;
(4) the legal and ethical boundaries of marketing
artificial intelligence chatbots and AI-enabled toys to
children;
(5) whether any evidence relating to the potential risks to
children posed by AI-enabled toys warrants temporarily
suspending the marketing and sale of such toys to children;
(6) actions that Congress, Federal agencies, developers,
and manufacturers can take to protect children from any risks
and harms associated with AI-enabled toys; and
(7) any other issue regarding AI-enabled toys the National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine determines to
be appropriate.
SEC. 4. JOINT ACTION PLAN.
Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the
Federal Trade Commission and the Consumer Product Safety Commission
shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
of the Senate, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
of the Senate, the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
Representatives, and the Committee on Education and Workforce of the
House of Representatives a joint action plan to improve the safety of
AI-enabled toys, which shall contain--
(1) recommendations regarding--
(A) legislation or administrative action;
(B) any requirements for disclosing to consumers
when artificial intelligence has been integrated into a
toy; and
(C) regulations regarding voluntary or enforceable
marketing standards, voluntary or enforceable safety
guidelines, periodic independent review of AI-enabled
toys, or permanent or temporary prohibitions on the
sale of AI-enabled toys for the purpose of protecting
public health or safety; and
(2) a description of any consumer and public education
initiatives regarding AI-enabled toys that the Federal Trade
Commission and Consumer Product Safety Commission plan to
undertake.
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