Memorandum on Extension of Hiring Freeze

President Donald J. Trump issued a memorandum on April 17, 2025, titled "Memorandum on Extension of Hiring Freeze." This action extends a previous freeze on the hiring of federal civilian employees within the executive branch until July 15, 2025. Under this memorandum, vacant federal civilian positions generally cannot be filled, and new positions cannot be created, unless specific exceptions apply or are required by law.

The freeze applies to most executive departments and agencies. However, it does not affect military personnel, positions related to immigration enforcement, national security, or public safety, nor does it apply to the Executive Office of the President. The memorandum also states that it will not negatively impact Social Security, Medicare, or veterans benefits. The Director of the Office of Personnel Management can still grant exemptions, and certain types of appointments, such as those requiring Presidential appointment or Senate confirmation, are not restricted.

This memorandum is significant because it directs federal agencies to withhold, freeze, or delay the spending of funds that Congress has already approved. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifically prohibits this type of action, a law passed by Congress to ensure its constitutional power over government spending. This raises questions about the President's authority to direct agencies to pause spending when Congress has appropriated funds, and courts have historically supported Congress in such disputes.

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